The tools the Fijian craftsmen used were stone axes for rough cutting, stone chisels (“vilikoi”) and scrapers (“ ai kari”) for shaping, stone wedges for splitting and hollowing logs, and rough lumps of coral or pieces of stingray skin for smoothing and filing. For lighter work they used keen-edged splints of bamboo, sharp shells, spines of sea-urchins, the rough sheaf of the breadfruit; polishing was done by patient friction with pumice and coconut oil. Their only other tools, until the coming of the Europeans, were broken shells or the teeth of rats and fish, fitted with wooden handles. With these crude implements, they felled and split great trees, hewed planks and spars, shaped war clubs.